By MCC it means the Millennium Challenge Corporation and by MCA, the Millennium Challenge Account. By the way, the MCA is a bilateral development assistance fund of the United States of America. Indeed, it was at the Conference on Sustainable Development in Monterrey (Mexico) in 2002 that President George W. Bush launched a call for a new contract for global development.

To make this contract a reality, President Bush announced in a speech in 2004 to the Inter-American Development Bank, the increase in American bilateral economic aid by creating a budget line called: the Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) in French. of the Millennium Challenges »

The management of the resources of the Millennium Challenge Account has been entrusted to the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) which is an independent government agency of the United States of America whose Managing Director is Mrs. Dana J. Hyde.

This aid is intended for developing countries that demonstrate their commitment to economic development and the fight against poverty.

This funding covers two types of Poverty Reduction Program:

• the Threshold Program: this is an initiative aimed at supporting countries that have made significant efforts so that they can improve their indicators considered weak for rapid qualification for the second program which is the Compact. This program extends over two or three years with an amount of approximately 5 to 60 million US dollars.
• the Compact Program: it is carried out over a period of five years and the amount of assistance can reach approximately 700 million US dollars, depending on the availability of resources voted by the American Congress and the nature of the project accepted by the Council of Administration of the Millennium Challenge Corporation.

The Millennium Challenge Account finances projects in different sectors:

• Socio-economic infrastructure;
• Agriculture and irrigation;
• Transport (roads, bridges and ports);
• Energy ;
• Drinking water supply and sanitation;
• Access to health;
• Business and financial development;
• Anti-corruption initiatives;
• Rights and access to land;
• Access to education.