MOST formulates and facilitates the implementation of strategies and policies for innovation-driven development, and plans and policies for S&T development and the attraction of foreign talent.

MOST coordinates the development of the national innovation system and the reform of the national S&T management system, and works with relevant government departments to improve incentive mechanisms for technological innovation. MOST endeavors to improve the national R&D system, facilitate the reform and development of research institutes, enhance the innovation capabilities of enterprises, promote military-civilian integration, and develop the consulting system for major national S&T decision-making.