The National Police of Nicaragua is the force that guarantees public order in Nicaragua. It also sometimes works together with the Nicaraguan Army.

After the triumph of the Sandinista Revolution of the 19 of July of 1979 , which overthrew the dictatorship of Anastasio Somoza Debayle supported by the National Guard (GN) the Fundamental Statute of July 20 the same year, Article 23 declared dissolved the National Guard, the Office of National Security (OSN) and the Military Intelligence Service (SIM); said statute was made by the Junta de Gobierno de Reconstrucción Nacional (JGRN).

The institution was officially founded on September 5 of the same year, although it was with Decree No. 559, in 1980, Law of Jurisdictional Functions of the Sandinista Police, by which they were given their functions. Initially, with the support of Panamanianadvisers , the first generation of police officers was trained at the police academy called Escuela de Coaching Basico Militar, current Walter Mendoza Police Academy. From 1982 to 1988, it was a period marked by the priority of military defense because of the war. The police gave administrative and operational support to the troops of the Ministry of the Interior.

Between 1989 and 1992, during a period of transition to peace, the Sandinista police changed their uniform from cream shirt and olive green trousers to one wearing a blue shirt and dark blue pants, as well as changing their name to the National Police. Executive Decree No. 45-92 defined the functions, the administration and the police career. In 1992, Law No. 144, Law of Functions of the National Police, defines new functions of the institutions. The period 1993-1997 was marked by the strengthening of the police through the constitutional reforms of 1995 followed by Law No. 228 of 1996, of July 31, 1996 and its regulation by Presidential Decree No. 26-96 of 25 October 1996.

With Law No. 228, the vision, mission and functions of the National Police were defined, creating a structure with national leadership under the command of a national chief, according to the stipulations of the Constitution, laws and regulations. In 1990, the numbers of police officers decreased to 7,400 and from 2000 a modernization plan was carried out with the help of the Government of Sweden , initiating the growth in the number of troops that currently are about 13,000 members.