Joel B. Smith is principal at Abt Associates. He has been analyzing climate change impacts and adaptation issues for more than 25 years. Prior to coming to Abt, Smith was a coordinating lead author or lead author on the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and a member of the U.S. National Climate Change Assessment Federal Advisory Committee and was a member of the National Academy of Sciences “Panel on Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change.”