The global health community has two main measures for pandemic preparedness.
The first is the World Health Organization’s joint external evaluation, or JEE — a tool it has used to help more than 110 countries measure progress related to the International Health Regulations. Introduced following the 2003 SARS outbreak, the regulations require countries to strengthen systems for detecting, managing, and reporting global health threats.
The second is the much broader — and newer — global health security index, or GHS index, which draws on publicly available information to assess and rank the capability of countries to prevent, detect, and respond to outbreaks.