From China’s nearly $700 billion investment in energy transition in 2023 to Brazil’s fast-tracked green patents, countries are racing to transform their energy systems — but through starkly different paths. This global shift isn’t just about swapping fossil fuels for renewables. It’s sparking system-wide changes that are reshaping industries, economies, and societies in profoundly different ways across regions.
These transformations are influenced by political, technological, human, and financial realities that vary significantly across geographies. Despite these diverse experiences, they reveal shared opportunities for collaboration and distinct lessons for accelerating the clean energy transition worldwide.
Success requires transforming both energy production and consumption patterns while integrating digital tools and emerging technologies across energy value chains. Global examples offer valuable lessons for all and opportunities to collaborate across companies and regions.
About the author
Roberto Bocca
Roberto Bocca is the head of the Centre for Energy and Materials at the World Economic Forum. His career spans Unifarma, Finconsumo, and Telecom Italia, and he has held senior roles at BP International (1995-2009), where he led business development and emerging markets across France, Poland, India, and the United Kingdom.
